![]() ![]() Aluminium food cans, beverage cans, cooking utensils, transmission lines, and aluminium foil are the most used (Al) products in everyday life. This soft metal can be used in various industries, such as medicine, the aerospace and automotive industries, construction, etc. ![]() There’s also 8.1% of this substance in the Earth’s crust, which makes aluminium the most abundant metal in nature, as well as the third most abundant element (after oxygen and silicon).ĭue to its chemical properties, aluminium has many applications. Rarely found in its pure form in nature, aluminium is mainly extracted from bauxite and cryolite ores. However, the Europeans have decided to go with “aluminium” as the name for the 13 th number on the periodic table of elements, while the American Chemical Society kept the name “aluminium”. British chemist Sir Humphry Davy (17 December 1778 – ) had initially labeled this chemical element as ‘aluminium’, which is the preferred name in the USA. The name of aluminium comes from the Latin word alumen (aluminium potassium sulfate – KAl(SO 4 ) 2 ∙12H 2 O) denoting ‘bitter salt’. This eventually lead to cheap production and wide application of this metal. The American inventor and chemist Charles Martin Hall (Decem– December 27, 1914) managed to invent an inexpensive method of aluminium production. The extracted element was a powdery substance that got its familiar silvery and shiny form by undergoing a melting process. In 1827, the German chemist Friedrich Wöhler (July 31, 1800, Eschersheim, Frankfurt, Germany – September 23, 1882, Göttingen, Germany) produced aluminium in pure form for the first time. ![]() With the help of a potassium– mercury amalgam, he successfully produced a tin-resembling lump that later became the most used and the most versatile metal on Earth. In 1824, the Danish physicist Hans Christian Oersted (August 14, 1777, Rudkøbing, Denmark – March 9, 1851, Copenhagen, Denmark) first managed to isolate aluminium from the aluminium chloride compound. It’s a non-absorbing, non-magnetic, corrosion-resistant substance with a low density of 2.7 g/cm -3. Mainly found in bauxite, this silvery-grey element of the periodic table is easily bent and makes for an excellent heat and electricity conductor. This member of the boron family of elements in the periodic table has an electronegativity of 1.6 according to Pauling, whereas the atomic radius according to van der Waals is 143 pm.ĭespite being light and soft in its pure form, aluminium is a strong metal that becomes even stronger when alloyed with another metal. With the periodic table symbol Al, atomic number 13, atomic mass of 26.981539 g.mol -1, and electronic configuration 3s² 3p¹, actinium is ductile and reaches its boiling point at 2519☌, 4566☏, 2792 K, while the melting point is achieved at 660.323☌, 1220.581☏, 933.473 K. The energy of the third ionization: 2744.1 kJ.mol -1ĭiscovery date: In 1825, by Hans Christian Ørsted. The energy of the second ionization: 1816.1 kJ.mol – The energy of the first ionization: 577.4 kJ.mol -1 The symbol in the periodic table of elements: AlĬolour: Silvery-grey metallic with a bluish tintĮlectronegativity according to Pauling: 1.6 Fact Box Physical and Chemical Properties of Aluminium Being a member of the boron family of periodic table elements, this strong and light-weight metal has three valence electrons that help aluminium make numerous compounds with the other chemical elements. It’s the most plentiful metal found in the Earth’s crust. Aluminium is a chemical element with the atomic number 13 in the periodic table of elements. ![]()
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